2HCHO + NaOH → HCOONa + CH3OH
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Word Equation
Formaldehyde + Sodium Hydroxide = Sodium Formate + Methanol
Two moles of
and one mole of
react vĩ đại form one mole of
and one mole of
Reactants
Formaldehyde - HCHO
Paraformaldehyde Oxomethane Oxymethylene Formaldehyde Solution Formalin Methyl Aldehyde Oxomethylene Methanal HCHO Molar Mass HCHO Oxidation Number
Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
Products
Sodium Formate - HCOONa
Methanol - CH3OH
Methyl Hydroxide Hydroxymethane Monohydroxymethane Colonial Spirit Columbian Spirit Spirit Of Wood Pyroxylic Spirit Methylol CH3OH Molar Mass CH3OH Oxidation Number
Reaction Expressions
Kc or Q = ( [HCOONa] [CH3OH] ) / ( [HCHO]2 [NaOH] )
(assuming all reactants and products are aqueous. substitutue 1 for any solids/liquids, and Psubstance for gases.)
rate = -1/2 * (Δ[HCHO] / Δt) = -(Δ[NaOH] / Δt) = (Δ[HCOONa] / Δt) = (Δ[CH3OH] / Δt)
(assuming constant volume in a closed system and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Instructions
To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. The balanced equation will appear above.
- Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.
- Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored.
- Replace immutable groups in compounds vĩ đại avoid ambiguity. For example, C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced, but XC2H5 + O2 = XOH + CO2 + H2O will.
- Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.
- You can use parenthesis () or brackets [].
How To Balance Equations
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Balance HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH Using the Algebraic Method
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To balance the equation HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.
Label Each Compound With a Variable
Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable vĩ đại represent the unknown coefficients.
a HCHO + b NaOH = c HCOONa + d CH3OH
Create a System of Equations
Create an equation for each element (H, C, O, Na) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.
H: 2a + 1b = 1c + 4d C: 1a + 0b = 1c + 1d O: 1a + 1b = 2c + 1d Na: 0a + 1b = 1c + 0d
Solve For All Variables
Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator vĩ đại solve for each variable.
- 2a + 1b - 1c - 4d = 0
- 1a - 1c - 1d = 0
- 1a + 1b - 2c - 1d = 0
- 1b - 1c = 0
Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) vĩ đại convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:
[ 2 1 -1 -4 0] [ 1 0 -1 -1 0] [ 1 1 -2 -1 0] [ 0 1 -1 0 0]
The resulting matrix can be used vĩ đại determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.
Simplify the result vĩ đại get the lowest, whole integer values.
- a = 2 (HCHO)
- b = 1 (NaOH)
- c = 1 (HCOONa)
- d = 1 (CH3OH)
Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result
Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.
2 HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH
Reactants Products H 5 5 ✔️ C 2 2 ✔️ O 3 3 ✔️ Na 1 1 ✔️ Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of 2HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH, the equation is balanced.
Balance HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH Using Inspection
The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, which means there must be the same number atoms at the kết thúc of a chemical reaction as at the beginning. To be balanced, every element in HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH must have the same number of atoms on each side of the equation. When using the inspection method (also known as the trial-and-error method), this principle is used vĩ đại balance one element at a time until both sides are equal and the chemical equation is balanced.
1. Count the number of each element on the left and right hand sides
| Reactants (Left Hand Side) | Products (Right Hand Side) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reactants | Products | ||||||
| HCHO | NaOH | Total | HCOONa | CH3OH | Total | ||
| H | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | ❌ |
| C | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ❌ | |
| O | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ❌ |
| Na | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ✔️ | ||
2. Multiply coefficients for compounds vĩ đại balance out each element
For each element that is not equal, try vĩ đại balance it by adding more of it vĩ đại the side with less. Sometimes there may be multiple compounds with that element on one side, sánh you'll need vĩ đại use your best judgement and be prepared vĩ đại go back and try the other options.
H is not balanced. Add 1 molecule of HCHO vĩ đại the reactant (left-hand) side vĩ đại balance Hydrogen:
2HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OHReactants Products H 5 5 ✔️ C 2 2 ✔️ O 3 3 ✔️ Na 1 1 ✔️
3. Verify that the equation is balanced
Since there are an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides, the equation is balanced.
2HCHO + NaOH = HCOONa + CH3OH
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